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the Editor |
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Editorial
A. Abyad (Chief Editor) |
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Original
Contribution/Clinical Investigation
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<-- Middle East / South Asia Regional
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Barriers,
Challenges and Way Forward for Implementation
of Person Centered Care Model of Patient and
Physician Consultation: A Survey of Patients’
Perspective from Eastern Mediterranean Countries
[pdf version]
Waris Qidwai, Kashmira Nanji, Tawfik A M Khoja,
Salman Rawaf, Nabil Yasin Al Kurashi, Faisal
Alnasir, Mohammed Ali Al Shafaee, Mariam Al
Shetti, Muntazar Bashir,
Nagwa Eid Sobhy Saad, Sanaa Alkaisi, Wafa Halasa,
Huda Al-Duwaisan, Amal Al-Ali
<-- Jordan -->
Passive
Smoking and Pregnancy Outcome
[pdf version]
Tarek Athamneh, Sultan Qudah, Mahmoud Mashaqbeh,
Sumaya Ali Njadat,
Mohammed Khderat
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Medicine and Society
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Education and training
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Continuing Professional Development
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Editor -
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| April/May 2015
- Volume 13 Issue 3 |
|
How
to critically appraise a scientific paper: Introducing
a careful planning scheme
Mohsen Rezaeian
Correspondence:
Professor Mohsen Rezaeian
PhD, Epidemiologist
Social Medicine Department
Occupational Environmental Research Center
Rafsanjan Medical School
Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences
Rafsanjan-Iran
Tel:03915234003
Fax:03915225209
Email:
moeygmr2@yahoo.co.uk
|
Abstract
Appraisal
of a scientific paper in your area of
expertise or interest requires some skills
and careful planning to make the most
efficient use of your time. The most important
skills you need are critical appraisal
skills. A careful planning scheme for
appraisal of a scientific paper however,
largely depends on the reasons for reading
i.e. to keep yourself up-to-date, to carry
out a literature review in order to write
a research proposal, or to conduct a journal
club, etc.
Nonetheless, a careful comprehensive planning
scheme should at the very least encompass
some general steps and the aim of the
present article is to provide the details
of such general steps.
Key words: Scientific paper, careful
planning for reading
|
Efficient reading of a scientific paper in
your area of expertise or interest requires
some skills and careful planning. Otherwise,
you might not get the most from your reading.
The most important skills you need are critical
appraisal skills which help you to identify
the pros and cons of a published article. Careful
planning also implies that you should divide
your devoted time for reading into different
related steps which make it possible to efficiently
use your skills. In what follows I will try
to provide you with the details of such careful
planning.
| INTRODUCING
A
CAREFUL
PLANNING
SCHEME |
A
careful
planning
scheme
for
reading
a
scientific
paper
largely
depends
on
your
style
of
reading
and
learning
and
the
reasons
for
reading
i.e.
to
keep
yourself
up-to-date,
to
carry
out
a
literature
review
in
order
to
write
a
research
proposal,
to
conduct
a
journal
club,
etc.
However,
it
should
at
the
very
least
encompass
the
following
steps:
1.
As
soon
as
you
find
your
paper
read
its
title
and
abstract.
Take
a
look
at
the
main
parts
of
the
article,
especially
its
methods
and
results.
Look
at
the
tables
and
figures,
if
any
exist,
and
read
its
conclusion.
In
addition,
take
a
look
at
its
references
to
find
out
if
there
are
any
references
which
you
have
already
read.
2.
By
taking
the
previous
step
you
are
now
in
a
position
to
decide
whether
to
stop
reading
it
further
or
put
it
aside
for
a
while
or
continue
reading.
If
the
article
is
not
relevant
to
your
area
of
expertise
and/or
interest
you
should
discard
it.
However,
if
the
article
is
relevant
to
your
area
of
expertise
and/or
interest
but
it
is
difficult
to
understand
you
should
do
some
background
reading
on
the
topic
by
carrying
out
an
appropriate
literature
review.
3.
If
the
article
is
relevant
to
your
area
of
expertise
and/or
interest
and
easy
to
understand
then
you
should
continue
reading
it.
At
this
stage
you
should
read
the
article
in
detail
and
thoroughly
from
its
title
towards
its
references.
At
this
round
of
reading
you
should
get
the
grip
of
the
four
main
parts
of
your
article
i.e.
Introduction,
Methods,
Results
and
Discussion
and
should
comprehend
the
most
important
messages
of
the
article.
4.
Underline
the
most
important
bits
as
you
go
through.
If
there
is
jargon
that
is
still
unfamiliar
do
more
background
reading
or
look
up
a
dictionary.
It
should
be
noted
that
a
very
useful
source
of
background
reading
of
an
article
would
be
the
list
of
its
references
provided
the
author(s)
did
not
miss
some
relevant
works.
5.
By
accomplishing
the
previous
steps
you
should
now
understand
the
main
messages
of
the
article.
However,
that
is
not
enough
since
there
is
one
more
final
step
that
you
should
take
it
and
that
is
to
critically
appraise
the
article.
6.
In
the
final
step
you
should
go
through
the
article
once
more.
The
fundamental
aim
of
this
step
is
to
find
out
the
pros
and
cons
of
the
article.
Therefore
in
this
round
of
reading
you
should
read
it
more
meticulously.
Focus
on
your
previously
highlighted
lines
and
also
focus
more
on
the
Method
section
of
the
article.
Always
consider
the
Method
section
of
an
article
as
its
heart.
While
reading
you
might
also
ask
yourself
whether
each
part
of
the
article
could
be
written
in
a
better
way?
For
example:
•
Could
the
author(s)
write
a
more
appropriate
title?
•
Could
the
author(s)
write
a
better
abstract?
•
Did
the
author(s)
correctly
justify
and
articulate
their
aims?
•
Are
the
methods
correctly
selected
and
specified
in
detail?
•
Could
the
author(s)
present
their
results
in
a
better
way?
•
Did
the
authors
fulfill
all
their
specified
aims?
•
Did
the
authors
somewhere
in
their
discussion
refer
to
their
limitations?
•
Are
there
any
relevant
references
that
have
been
missed
by
the
author(s)?
Rezaeian
M.
How
to
teach
medical
students
to
critically
appraise
a
published
article
in
public
health
domain:
An
innovative
approach
reporting
from
Rafsanjan
Medical
School.
J
Educ
Health
Promot.
2013;
2:8.
Rezaeian,
M.
How
to
critically
review
a
scientific,
medical
or
business
paper.
Middle
East
J
Business.
2011;
6(4)
:13-15.
Durbin
CG
Jr.
How
to
read
a
scientific
research
paper.
Respir
Care.
2009;
54(10):1366-71.
Al-Ateeg
FA.
Reading
medical
articles
critically.
What
they
do
not
teach
you
in
medical
school.
Saudi
Med
J.
2004;
25(4):409-23.
Lozano
JM1,
Ruiz
JG.
Reading
a
journal
article.
Indian
J
Pediatr.
2000
Jan;67(1):55-62.
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