This is the first issue of the New Year that we hope it will be a successful year for the World in terms of peace, prosperity and elimination of poverty. This issue is rich with a large number of papers from the MENA Region and the United Kingdom.

Almazrou., et al., did a cross-sectional study. All data was collected using an online self-designed questionnaire that contained demographic data, such as the patient's age, gender and level of education. The aim was looking at the prevalence of self-medication use, and the attitude and practices toward traditional eye medicines regarding eye symptoms. The most common self-prescribed medications were anti-allergic and antibiotics. The results revealed that 148 respondents had previously used TEMs (16.4%).. The majority of respondents (86.6%) preferred medications over TEM to treat eye diseases.

Zahrani, et al., did a multicenter, cross-sectional study conducted in 386 pregnant women attending routine antenatal visits at 4 antenatal clinics from September 2019 to August 2020. The objective is to estimate the prevalence of subclinical and overt hypothyroidism in antenatal care clinics, and to evaluate the performance of targeted screening approach based on the risk stratification as recommended by the U.S. Preventive Service Task Force (USPSTF) and adopted by the American Thyroid Association (ATA). The authors concluded that the application of the targeted screening for subclinical and overt hypothyroidism using the USPSTF and ATA criteria performed poorly in the studied population. Thus, universal screening appears to be a better option.

Baba et al., did a qualitative study conducted within the boundaries of Islamabad capital territory and district Rawalpindi, Pakistan. The data was collected through in-depth and semi-structured interviews conducted with the respondents that included patients of COPD (n=8) as well as their treatment supporter(s) (n=7), recruited from the OPD wards of three hospitals (two public and one private hospital). The study shows that COPD patients not only face challenges in their physical health, but also in socio-economic and psychological domains that are equally harmful. It highlights varying notions of the respondents as to how treatment-seeking of COPD posed challenges in their lifestyles, at both, household and individual levels. Patients with COPD need high levels of input from healthcare facilities; hence, health care professionals should be trained in case management of COPD.

There are two audit and quality improvement reports in this issue. Dr. Al-shamery, did a clinical Audit Report on Adherence to Imaging Guidelines for Patients with Acute Low Back Pain in Airport Health Centre . It is observed from practice that most of the physicians did follow the guidelines while treating the patients with acute low back pain, although, sometimes they advised imaging within 6 weeks of symptoms. The Audit was conducted through a retrospective review of health records of randomly selected 66 patients with acute low back pain. Audit criteria derived from PHCC Clinical Practice Guideline for the Management of Low Back Pain in Adults . Audit findings of the total sample of 66 patients showed in 95% compliance with the recommended practice on imaging requirement for patients with acute Low Back Pain and didn't do imaging at the first visit. The author concluded that the recommendation on achieving 100% level of compliance in practice and sustain the practice. While Dr. Rahma, did a quality improvement project on documentation of pediatric observations in urgent care setting. Serious or life threatening illness in children in a primary care setting is thankfully rare. It has been reported that the prevalence of serious illness is 0.8% in primary care and 7.2% in secondary care . Early recognition and treatment of febrile children with serious infections improves prognosis, however, early detection can be difficult.There is a clear need for this quality improvement project in identifying how often each of these parameters are measured in a child presenting to an urgent care setting under the age of 5. The authors seek to identify the frequency of documentation of clinicians in each of the parameters highlighted in the NICE guideline in acutely unwell children under the age of 5.

Mougrabi, et al., attempt to assess the extent of effect of mental and physical wellbeing and social relation on the quality of life of patients with cardiovascular disease. It was a descriptive cross sectional study of all adults' Saudi patients who had cardiovascular diseases or had cardiac surgery at least for the previous 5 years, performed between February 2021 And December 2021 at different regions in Saudi Arabia. 470 participants were included in the study , 47.9% females and 52.1% males. The authors concluded that the factors that's lower the quality of life for cardiovascular patients in Saudi community is important and essential to address their needs and gives better QoL.

Sulaiman , et al., did a cross-sectional survey was conducted among patients who visited private health facilities looking at why patients go to private health care facilities? Perspectives from Qassim Saudi Arabia. Saudi government provides free health care to the population, however still a large number of people visit private health care facilities. The main reasons for choosing the private health facilities were delayed appointment in governmental hospitals and less waiting time in private hospitals. Service redesign is required to improve appointment management systems and patients' satisfaction in public sector health facilities.
Amena Ali, et al., did a cross-sectional study to assess the iron supplementation practice and influencing factors among pregnant woman in different hospitals of Taif city, Saudi Arabia.
The prevalence of iron supplements use during pregnancy among the study participants was 99.6%. There were no significant association between the age, weight and number of pregnancies (p value >0.05). The authors concluded that there is a need to encourage pregnant women to visit early for antenatal care. Iron and folic acid supplements, dietary intake preferences, diagnosis and continuous follow up of pregnant women are approaches to reduce anemia during pregnancy in Taif region. The purpose of this study was to enhance the public awareness about iron supplements during pregnancy.

Alshahrani. et al., did a descriptive cross-sectional approach was used targeting all accessible population in Southern of Saudi Arabia Data were collected from participants using an online pre-structured questionnaire. The questionnaire covered the following data: participants' socio-demographic data, participants' awareness, and participants' perception towards CKDs, preventive measures and risk. A total of 1317 participants fulfilling the inclusion criteria completed the study questionnaire. The authors concluded that the current study revealed that public awareness in Southern region of Saudi Arabia about CKD and its risk factors is low in contrast to their perception towards the disease and its associated risk. Having information from scientific sources such as books, health education campaigns or study was associated with high awareness level.

Masarit et al., did a cross-sectional study was conducted to assess knowledge of 103 family medicine residents about childhood autism. A structured self-administered web-based Healthcare Workers (KCAHW) Questionnaire was use to assess knowledge of childhood autism among participant residents. female participants. Residents' total score (Mean±SD) was 13.18±2.80 (out of 19, 69.4%). The authors concluded that Knowledge of family medicine residents regarding childhood autism is suboptimal. It is important to update the knowledge gaps of healthcare workers who have limited knowledge regarding childhood autism and to train them to be able to provide healthcare service that would ensure early diagnosis and interventions for management of autism.

Alhafithi et al., did a cross-sectional study was conducted among 249 nurses aimed at assessing the prevalence and associated factors of burnout among nurses in Yanbu General Hospital, Saudi Arabia. High burnout was found among 168 (67.5%) participants. The EE score was significantly higher among Saudis, (p=0.004), among those who worked >40 hours per week (p<0.001) and among those who had more than 8 shifts per